Seeking to reverse the decline in the number of international students studying at American colleges, universities, and high schools, Senators Norm Coleman (R-MN) and Jeff Bingaman (D-NM) introduced the American Competitiveness Through International Openness Now Act of 2005, also known as the ACTION Act of 2005, on February 17. The legislation calls for improvements in visa processing, including allowing U.S. embassies more discretion in waiving visa interviews, amending a 50-year old provision which requires consular officers to presume prospective foreign students are intending immigrants, reducing SEVIS fees for short-term visitors, and providing latitude to consular officers to issue visitor rather than student visas to some short-term English language students. The bill also sets standards for timeliness in security reviews of pending applications.